Related Calculation Information

Unit Pa kPa MPa bar mbar kgf/cm² cmH2O mmH2O mmHg p.s.i
Pa 1 10-3 10-6 10-5 10-2 10.2×10-6 10.2×10-3 101.97×10-3 7.5×10-3 0.15×10-3
kPa 103 1 10-3 10-2 10 10.2×10-3 10.2 101.97 7.5 0.15
MPa 106 103 1 10 104 10.2 10.2x103 101.97x103 7.5x103 0.15x103
bar 105 102 10-1 1 10-3 1.02 1.02x103 10.2x103 750.06 14.5
mbar 102 10-1 10-4 10 1 1.02×10-3 1.02 10.02 0.75 14.5x10-3
kgf/cm² 98066.5 98.07 98.07x10-3 0.98 980.67 1 1000 10000 735.56 14.22
cmH2O 98.0665 98.07x10-3 98.07x10-6 0.98x10-3 0.98 10-3 1 10 0.74 14.22x10-3
mmH2O 9.80665 9.807x10-3 9.807x10-6 98.07x10-6 98.07x10-3 10-4 0.1 1 73.56x10-3 1.42x10-3
mmHg 133.32 133.32×10-3 133.32×10-6 1.33x10-3 1.33 1.36x10-3 1.36 13.6 1 19.34×10-3
p.s.i 6894.76 6.89 6.89×10-3 68.95×10-3 68.95 70.31×10-3 70.31 703.07 51.71 1
Unit Pa kPa MPa bar mbar kgf/cm² cmH2O mmH2O mmHg p.s.i
Pa
kPa 7
MPa
bar
mbar
kgf/cm²
cmH2O
mmH2O
mmHg
p.s.i
F = P x A – f
A1 = π × Tr² (Tr=Bore radius)
A2 = A1 - (π × Tr²) (Tr=Piston rod radius)

F : Cylinder force ( kgf )

P : Operating pressure ( MPa )

A : Cross-sectional area ( cm² )

f : Frictional force ( kgf )

Series Bore size(T) Rod size(t) Operating pressure(P)
mm mm MPa
Frictional force(f) Piston area Cylinder force(F)
kgf
A1
A2
cm²
kgf
  • Series
  • Bore size ( T )
  • mm
  • Rod size ( t )
  • mm
  • Operating pressure ( P )
  • MPa
  • Frictional force ( f )
  • kgf
  • Piston area
    • A1
      • cm²
    • A2
  • Cylinder force ( F )
    • A1
    kgf
    • A2
Note : The above data for reference only. When come to actual practice, frictional force and the mechanical effeciency have to be taken into consideration.
Note: The Dual rod series must calculate with double force.
Unit m3/s L/s cm3/s m3/h m3/min L/h L/m ft3/min (scfm) gallon min UK gallon min USA
m3/s 1 103 106 3.6×106 60 3.6×106 60×103 2.12×103 13.2×103 15.85×103
L/s 10-3 1 103 3.6 60×10-3 3.6×103 60 2.12 13.2 15.85
cm3/s 10-6 10-3 1 3.6×10-3 60×10-6 3.6 60x10-3 2.12x10-3 13.2x10-3 15.85x10-3
m3/h 0.28x10-3 0.28 0.28x10-3 1 16.67x10-3 103 16.67 0.59 3.67 4.4
m3/min 16.67x10-3 16.67 16.67x10-3 60 1 60×103 103 35.31 219.97 264.17
L/h 0.28x10-6 0.28x10-3 0.28 10-3 16.67x10-3 1 16.67x10-3 0.59x10-3 3.67x10-3 4.4x10-3
L/m 16.67x10-6 16.67x10-3 16.67 60x10-3 10-3 60 1 35.31x10-3 219.97x10-3 264x10-3
ft3/min (scfm) 0.47x10-3 0.47 0.47x103 1.699 28.32x10-3 1.699x103 28.32 1 6.23 7.48
gallon min UK 75.79x10-6 75.79×10-3 75.77 0.273 4.55x10-3 0.273x103 4.55 0.16 1 1.2
gallon min USA 63.09x10-6 63.09x10-3 63.09 0.227 3.79x10-3 0.227×103 3.79 0.13 0.83 1
Unit m3/s L/s cm3/s m3/h m3/min L/h L/m ft3/min (scfm) gallon min UK gallon min USA
m3/s
L/s 7
cm3/s
m3/h
m3/min
L/h
L/m
ft3/min (scfm)
gallon min UK
gallon min USA
The air compressor compresses the air into pressurized gas (air) and the mode and the size of air compressor used in pneumatic system is depended primarily on the air consumption and working pressure of the system. In additions, the economic factor is also the point of consideration. The condition with less air consumption application, the reciprocal air compressor is less expansive.

QA = ( A1 + A2 ) × L × P + 1.033/1.033 × 10-3
QB = 2 × A3 × L H × P/1.033 × 10-3
Qn = ( QA + QB ) × n

Qn : Air consumption of cylinder movement / time ( L/min )

QA : Air consumption of cylinder Backward / time ( L/min )

QB : Air consumption of piping ( Between solenoid valve and cylinder ) ( L/min )

A1 : Pressurized area ( cm² )

A2 : Piston area ( cm² )

A3 : Inside diameter of piping ( cm² )

L : Stroke of cylinder ( cm )

LH : Piping length ( cm )

P : Operation pressure ( kgf/cm² )

n : Operation frequency

Bore size
(T)		 Rod size
(t)		 Inside diameter of piping
(mm)		 Piping length
(mm)		 Operation pressure
(P)
mm mm cm² cm kgf/cm²
Stroke of cylinder
(L)		 Operation cycle
(n)		 Piston area
 Volume of piping
 Air consumption
(Qn)
cm time/min
A1
A2
cm²
Exclude piping
Include piping
L/min
  • Bore size ( T )
  • mm
  • Rod size ( t )
  • mm
  • Inside diameter of piping ( mm )
  • cm² cm²
  • Piping length ( mm )
  • cm
  • Operation pressure ( P )
  • kgf/cm² kgf/cm²
  • Stroke of cylinder ( L )
  • cm
  • Operation cycle ( n )
  • time/min time/min
  • Piston area
    • A1
    cm²
    • A2
  • Volume of piping
  • Air consumption ( Qn )
    • (Exclude piping)
    L/min
    • (Include piping)
Note: The Dual rod series must calculate with double force.